Government Debt

China stimulus starts with a bond, not a bang

17 May 2024

Beijing will issue $138 bln-worth of special sovereign debt. It's not much by itself, but combined with planned offerings from local governments, fiscal support could top 3.2% of GDP this year. It can spur ailing credit demand and speed up investment in strategic sectors.

The world can survive a strong dollar – for now

13 May 2024

The greenback has gained 17% against major currencies in three years. Other countries avoided repeating past crises through better fiscal policies and less foreign borrowing. But in the long run a mighty buck will put economies under stress, especially in emerging markets.

China banks’ $900 bln buffer offers sham comfort

7 May 2024

That’s roughly how much special debt the country’s five largest lenders must raise to obey global rules for absorbing large-scale losses. It’s an improbable scenario in China’s state-controlled financial system. For the banks, extra funding costs add to a long list of headaches.

US economy is a victim of its own success

25 Apr 2024

The United States emerged as the world’s growth engine at the IMF summit last week. In this Viewsroom podcast, Breakingviews columnists debate whether this debt-fuelled strength means that interest rates will stay high for longer and how that could raise the risk of a recession.

Macron wades into a very French debt crisis

24 Apr 2024

Some investors are avoiding the country’s bonds after its budget deficit topped 5% of GDP. Paris is unlikely to require an IMF or European bailout. But President Emmanuel Macron has to bring public finances under control. That will come at a heavy political and economic price.

What to do about the EU’s relative decline

22 Apr 2024

The European Union will become marginalised if it continues to shrink compared with other regions. Two former Italian prime ministers, Enrico Letta and Mario Draghi, are coming up with remedies. But anxious leaders may lack the will to drink the necessary medicine.

Why rich nations have to keep helping poorer ones

16 Apr 2024

The world faces many onerous financial and climate challenges. Still, as Axel van Trotsenburg, the World Bank’s Senior Managing Director, explains in this Exchange podcast, governments and companies in advanced economies cannot afford to stop supporting developing ones.

Look out for a return of the US bond rollercoaster

16 Apr 2024

As short-term interest rates spiked, longer-term borrowing costs have lagged. The yield on three-month US Treasury bonds has exceeded the return on 10-year securities for 76 weeks, a near record. If this anomaly unwinds, falling bond prices could hurt fund managers and Uncle Sam.

Powell’s rate cuts may go from steady to steep

10 Apr 2024

Inflation hit 3.5% in March, making a June cut to borrowing costs unlikely. But Fed Chair Jay Powell is running out of time. A decrease in September would be seen to favor President Biden. The November decision is one day post-election. The only other option: take bigger whacks.

Odd Washington deal creates anti-M&A synergy

28 Mar 2024

Senators on opposite ends of the political spectrum are joining forces to stop stock swaps like Capital One’s $35 bln Discover deal from being tax-free. The proposal probably wouldn’t generate much revenue. It does, however, build on the movement against corporate concentration.

Lower taxes would cripple Europe’s growth

26 Mar 2024

The bloc needs new public investment of about 3% of GDP for the green transition, defence, infrastructure, education and health. High debt loads limit borrowing and spending cuts hurt the economy. Instead of pledging lower levies, governments have to raise them.

Macron’s fiscal chickens come home to roost

21 Mar 2024

The French president is scrambling to deal with an official report likely to show dismal public finances and a deficit near 6% of GDP. He ignored warnings as debt topped 110% of economic output. Bond investors are relaxed but spending cuts will be the price of his insouciance.

EU’s spending snags spoil joint borrowing success

12 Mar 2024

Europe’s 800 bln euro stimulus plan is stuck. The bonds that finance it sell like hotcakes, but so far it has paid out only 225 bln euros as countries struggle with projects. Unless the bloc can show it can use the money it raises from investors, it will lose much-needed funds.

Sovereign debt workouts need knocking into shape

5 Feb 2024

Countries such as Zambia are twisting in the wind because of long delays in restructuring their debts. It is harder to get all creditors to agree now that China is a big lender. A more integrated approach that better manages laggard lenders could lead to swifter results.

Fixed income investors have reasons to be fearful

23 Jan 2024

Uncertainty over the direction of inflation and monetary policy is buffeting markets. In this Exchange podcast Jim Grant, founder of ‘Grant’s Interest Rate Observer’, discusses his gloomy outlook for US bonds and sounds a warning about the risks of shadow banking.

Reparation bonds could unlock $300 bln for Ukraine

15 Jan 2024

The US and EU are struggling to keep writing mega cheques to Kyiv and reluctant to hand over frozen Russian central bank assets. One alternative is for Ukraine to sell bonds backed by future claims for reparations. It could then use the cash to defend itself against Moscow.

Bond deluge will nudge ECB to softer rate stance

4 Jan 2024

European countries’ fiscal needs and the end of central bank buying mean a record 675 bln euros of sovereign debt will be on sale in 2024. That may keep borrowing costs high for states like Italy. ECB President Christine Lagarde can help by meeting investor hopes for swift cuts.

Convertibles will be 2024’s hot financial model

2 Jan 2024

Hybrid bonds, which fueled hedge fund billionaire Ken Griffin’s rise, sputtered after a $370 bln Covid-era boom. Refinancing needs are revving them back up as interest-cost savings lure new issuers like Duke Energy. New features should tempt investors to ride off with them again.

German budget crisis will haunt economy for years

24 Nov 2023

Berlin will suspend its "debt brake" this year, after a court decision cancelling 60 bln euros of spending. Yet the crisis will leave Germans even warier of much-needed public investment. That will hit long-term growth, and worsen the ailing economy’s short-term woes.

White House needs to talk turkey about inflation

22 Nov 2023

The Biden Administration has encouraged Americans to “be thankful” for falling prices this year. But cherry-picking some items that have edged down from recent peaks won’t counter the fact that US citizens feel glum about the economy. A bit of empathy might go a long way.