Diplomacy

Iran danger marks return of oil’s risk premium

13 Aug 2024

Conflict in Gaza and tit-for-tat attacks in the Middle East have desensitised markets to possible supply shocks. A US warning of imminent retaliation against Israel changes that. Despite weaker demand, oil prices reflect the dangers of infrastructure and tankers becoming targets.

Putin’s hostage deal is chilling for C-suites

9 Aug 2024

The exchange of 24 prisoners between Russia and the West marked the first time a convicted murderer was swapped for journalists or dissidents jailed to serve as barter currency. If these practices become a habit, businesses will have to rethink where they deploy staff.

India wants to be China’s gateway to the West

26 Jul 2024

Rather than integrate into its neighbour’s supply chain, the South Asian country wants to court Chinese investment. Its annual economic survey lays out a way for firms from Shein to BYD to keep selling in Western markets. A lot rides on how the Sino-American trade war plays out.

India’s Russia bonhomie shows limits of bipolarity

10 Jul 2024

Narendra Modi met Vladimir Putin in Moscow on the first state visit of his third term. The $65 bln bilateral trade between the pair is booming at a time when India's business relationship with the US is shrinking. It upends popular neat visions of a bifurcating world order.

China has an incentive to keep road to Europe open

26 Jun 2024

Beijing agreed to start talks with the EU on the bloc's planned tariffs on China-made EVs. Carmakers can survive but the issue represents a larger threat. It would hurt the $18 trln economy to add a full blown trade war with the EU to its escalating one with the United States.

Pork glut gives China an edge in EU tariff fight

18 Jun 2024

Domestic overcapacity means the world’s top consumer of the white meat can afford to slap duties on EU imports in response to levies on EVs. European farmers may also find it harder to work around the tariffs than Chinese automakers. It's a savvy move by Beijing.

The Group of Seven is bruised but much needed

17 Jun 2024

The club of large, rich nations has struggled with wars in Gaza and Ukraine. Most of its leaders are lame ducks. If Donald Trump becomes US president and Marine Le Pen leads France, they could paralyse it. Co-ordinating advanced democracies is more necessary and harder than ever.

EU tariffs solidify China’s EV hierarchy

13 Jun 2024

Investors brushed off less-than-feared levies on Chinese electric cars, with BYD stock up 3% from two days ago and SAIC down just 2%. For the former, a vertically integrated model and lesser reliance on subsidies mean it can now pull ahead of compatriots at home and abroad.

China can divide-and-trade a less welcoming Europe

13 Jun 2024

EU tariffs on cars are a setback for Beijing. Yet President Xi Jinping will test the bloc’s ability to form a coherent policy against the world’s second largest economy. Hungary is benefiting from rising Chinese investments and trade and will become a key battleground.

Modi 3.0 offers limited opportunities for the West

3 Jun 2024

Western leaders’ hopes for India as a bulwark against China outweigh their concerns about Narendra Modi’s authoritarian streak. They will have more scope to work with the prime minister during his expected third term. But the overlap of interests and values is limited.

German consumer is poor substitute for China trade

21 May 2024

Consumption is up but won’t be enough to lift the country out of its funk, with growth of just 0.2% this year. Exports to the People’s Republic are threatened by worsening relations between Brussels and Beijing. Meanwhile a split Berlin government looks unable to launch reforms.

President’s death makes Iran even less predictable

20 May 2024

The demise of Ebrahim Raisi removes an obvious replacement for the ageing Ali Khamenei as Supreme Leader. Despite a recent attack on Israel, the Islamic Republic’s top figure is a known quantity. The risk is that Iran’s role in a febrile Middle East becomes even harder to gauge.

China tests EU resolve on export trade fight

14 May 2024

France’s Emmanuel Macron got little to show from President Xi Jinping’s European tour this month. In this Exchange podcast, MERICS expert Grzegorz Stec explains the difficulty of managing ties with Beijing and why balancing risk and business opportunity is so tricky.

New ASML CEO’s job is harder than it might look

9 May 2024

The $360 bln Dutch firm is the sole maker of machines that produce the most advanced chips for Intel and TSMC. New boss Christophe Fouquet effectively runs a monopoly. But he still faces risks from staff retention, China-US spats, and as-yet-opaque risks to ASML’s domination.

Ukraine’s $61 bln lifeline is not enough

29 Apr 2024

The United States last week cleared a vital aid package, but Kyiv still needs a medium-term funding plan to withstand Russia’s onslaught. Mobilising Moscow’s $320 bln of frozen central bank assets to provide compensation for war damages should be central to this.

Japanese investors becoming the life of the party

21 Mar 2024

ValueAct, Elliott and Berkshire Hathaway have deployed some $16 bln to uncover value in Tokyo-listed stocks. They’re receiving warmer welcomes than raider T. Boone Pickens did in 1989. Even better, the US trio’s success is helping inspire local funds to sustain the momentum.

Europe will struggle to unite if Ukraine loses

11 Mar 2024

Jean Monnet, one of the European Union’s founders, predicted it ‘will be forged in crises’. Russian success in Ukraine could be the wake-up call the bloc needs to forge closer security ties. But it could also fragment under the strain. All the more reason to ramp up support now.

How to solve Europe’s defence riddle

5 Mar 2024

At 360 bln euros, the bloc’s military expenses are three times Russia’s. Yet fragmented defence systems are a problem, Bruegel senior fellow Guntram Wolff tells The Exchange podcast. To improve scale and boost aid for Ukraine, Europe should consider more joint debt.

How a syndicated loan can funnel cash to Ukraine

26 Feb 2024

Western allies could extend credit backed by Kyiv’s claim for war damages against Russia, and then use $300 bln of frozen assets to pay off the loan if Moscow refuses to pay reparations. The widely recognised principle of ‘set-off’ can help overcome legal and practical hurdles.

Europe defence requires more than a $75 bln boost

16 Feb 2024

Non-US NATO members will spend 2% of GDP on their militaries in 2024. Yet the extra $75 bln a year it entails remains below what Europe will need. Ukraine, technological advances and US wavering mean their true requirement is more like 3% of their output.